Association of adult respiratory symptoms and lung function with maternal smoking in childhood in never smoking men (n = 3043) and women (n = 3582)
| Men | Women | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paternal smoking | Maternal smoking | Paternal smoking | Maternal smoking | |
| OR (95% CI)* | OR (95% CI)* | OR (95% CI)* | OR (95% CI)* | |
| Wheeze | 1.21 (0.96 to 1.50)§ | 0.87 (0.68 to 1.10)§ | 0.93 (0.76 to 1.13) | 1.21 (0.98 to 1.51) |
| >3 asthma symptoms | 1.13 (0.87 to 1.47) | 0.72 (0.53 to 0.97)‡ | 0.89 (0.72 to 1.10) | 1.20 (0.95 to 1.52) |
| Asthma | 1.08 (0.76 to 1.54)§ | 0.81 (0.54 to 1.23) | 0.67 (0.49 to 0.91) | 1.10 (0.78 to 1.55) |
| Chronic bronchitis | 1.00 (0.70 to 1.42) | 1.07 (0.73 to 1.56) | 0.94 (0.70 to 1.25) | 1.13 (0.82 to 1.56) |
| β coeff (95% CI)† | β coeff (95% CI)† | β coeff (95% CI)† | β coeff (95% CI)† | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| *Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals as estimated by logistic regression adjusting for age, body mass index, number of siblings, current environmental tobacco smoking, current occupation, and study centre. | ||||
| †Analysed with adjustment for height, age, weight, weight squared, number of siblings, current environmental tobacco smoking, current occupation, and study centre. | ||||
| ‡Interaction effect by sex, p<0.05. | ||||
| §Interaction effect by sex, p⩽0.1. | ||||
| FEV1 (ml) | 3 (−38 to 43) | −2 (−49 to 44) | 16 (−12 to 44) | −25 (−58 to 8) |
| FVC (ml) | 15 (−32 to 62) | −10 (−64 to 44) | 5 (−27 to 38) | 4 (−34 to 41) |
| FEV1/FVC ratio (%) | −0.2 (−0.7 to 0.3) | 0.1 (−0.4 to 0.7)§ | 0.2 (−0.2 to 0.6) | −0.8 (−1.3 to −0.3) |
| BHR (ECRHS slope) | −0.07 (−0.23 to 0.09) | 0.19 (0.01 to 0.38) | 0.18 (0.01 to 0.35) | 0.11 (−0.08 to 0.31) |