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ASTHMA |
áp1,
J Chládek2,
F Pehal1,
M Mal
3,
V Petr
1,
P J Barnes4,
P Montuschi5
1 Department of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Hospital Na Homolce, Prague, Czech Republic
2 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
3 State Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
4 Department of Thoracic Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine at the National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK
5 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
Correspondence to:
Correspondence to:
Dr P Montuschi
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo F Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; pmontuschi{at}rm.unicatt.it
Background: Leukotriene-like immunoreactivity has been detected in exhaled breath condensate (EBC), but definitive evidence for the presence of leukotrienes (LTs) in this biological fluid is not available. A study was undertaken to determine whether LTC4, LTD4, LTE4, and LTB4 are measurable in EBC by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and to quantify exhaled LTs in adults and children with asthma and in control subjects.
Methods: Twenty eight adults and 33 children with mild to moderate persistent asthma treated with inhaled corticosteroids and age matched healthy controls (50 adults and 50 children) were studied. LTB4, LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4 in EBC were measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
Results: LTD4, LTE4, and LTB4 were detectable in all samples. Concentrations of LTC4 in EBC were either close to or below the detection limit of 1 pg/ml. Median exhaled LTD4, LTE4, and LTB4 concentrations in asthmatic adults were increased 4.1-fold (p<0.001), 1.8-fold (p<0.01), and 2.6-fold (p<0.001), respectively, compared with values in healthy adults. Median exhaled LTD4, LTE4, and LTB4 concentrations in asthmatic children were increased 2.8-fold (p<0.001), 1.3-fold (p<0.001), and 1.6-fold (p<0.001), respectively, compared with those in healthy children. In patients with asthma there was a correlation between exhaled LTD4 and LTE4 in both adults (r = 0.87, p<0.0001) and children (r = 0.78, p<0.0001).
Conclusions: Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry can be used to accurately quantify exhaled LTs which are increased in asthmatic adults and children compared with controls.
Keywords: leukotrienes; exhaled breath condensate; asthma; gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
Abbreviations: EBC, exhaled breath condensate; GC/MS, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry; LT, leukotriene
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